The King Of Marcus Aurelius - 1322 Words

The son of Marcus Aurelius,’ Commodus Antoninus, came to power in the wake of his father’s death in March of 180 CE. From the death of Marcus Aurelius came the end to the Five Good Emperors. Commodus’ reign lasted from 180 to 192 CE and he described it as a â€Å"golden age.† (cite) However, this was far from the truth. Commodus succumbed to the lure of self-indulgence and become a megalomaniac. Along with those two flaws, he also held deep antagonism against the Senate. (cite) Arguably, the two most important aspects of his reign was: his identification with the demigod Hercules and his participation in gladiatorial games. Commodus thought himself as a reborn Hercules, he appeared in public places donned in a lion hide cloak. It was a reference to the Nemean Lion that Hercules fought in his twelve labors.(cite) And even in the arena, a horror to the senate but possibly to the delight of the plebs, he wore this fighting. But there was a belief held strong ly by the elite that Roman Emperors were not supposed to do this. But his love for the games was so immense he partook in them regardless of their beliefs. Commodus participated in the gladiatorial games for his own self-indulgence and fantasies about being Hercules. To Roman elite, seeing the Emperor do this was appalling because gladiators were not supposed to be high class; they were slaves or prisoners, and this is reason the Roman elite disliked his behavior. Senators were forced to witness a number of these games. ItShow MoreRelatedThe Philosopher King2423 Words   |  10 Pagesone we’ll need? (Plato 203). The image of the philosopher king was thoroughly described in Plato’s Republic, but the perfect ruler or philosopher king has transformed throughout history and are influenced by historical events. First, the description of a perfect ruler in an ideal society in Plato’s Republic will be the first comparison and the basis of a philosopher king. Second, M arcus Aurelius, who was described as the first philosopher king wrote Meditations and it expresses his own thoughts andRead MoreWalt Disneys The Lion King Essay1031 Words   |  5 PagesThere is no doubt that todays entertainment has lost most of its touch with the more classical influences of its predecessors. However, in mid-1994, Walt Disney Pictures released what could arguably be the best animated feature of all time in The Lion King. With a moral base unlike most of the movies released at the time, TLK placed a childrens facade on a very serious story of responsibility and revenge. However, this theme is one of the oldest in history, and it is not the least apparent in one ofRead MoreCommodus : The Emperor Of Rome728 Words   |  3 Pages Commodus was bred to live like a king but wasn t born to rule as one. He was the most questionable emperors in the history of Rome. His rise to power is and always will be deliberated. The young emperor inherited the power from his father, Marcus Aurelius, the former emperor of Rome. Commodus was the Roman Emperor from 180 to 192. He also ruled as co-emperor with his father Marcus Aurelius from 177 until his father s death in 180. Lucius Aurelius Commodus was born on the 31 of August AD 161Read MoreEssay Marcus Aurelius and Stoic Philosophy1270 Words   |  6 PagesMarcus Aurelius and Stoic Philosophy Stoicism is a belief that the universe, despite its appearances, is completely rational and guided by fate. Within it, individuals can, by conforming themselves to divine reason, find their proper place, learn to accept whatever happens with a strong and tranquil mind, and fulfill their obligations to society. These beliefs are the heart of Stoicism, a philosophy that originated in Athens during the 3rd century BC. Stoicism can be divided intoRead MoreThe Black, The White, And The Grey1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe Black, the White, the Grey: (A Discussion about the qualities of a good leader in relation to Machiavelli, Plato, and Marcus Aurelius) In modern politics so much of the black and white has blended into grey. It has become increasingly more difficult to define a good leader. Just looking at the Presidential candidates for the upcoming election is making me sick. Theodore Roosevelt, one of the truly good leaders of our country, says, â€Å"People ask the difference between a leader and a boss. The leaderRead MoreEssay on Commodus1453 Words   |  6 Pagesthe worse emperor in the history of Rome. The fact that his father, Marcus Aurelius, was a popular and successful ruler may have raised the precedent that Commodus had to live up to. But for whatever reason, Commodus proved a disconnected and self indulgent leader. At the age of five Commodus was named Caesar, and at the age of seventeen he became co-Augustus with his father. He spent his childhood accompanying Marcus Aurelius on political campaigns, and learned a lot on how to run an empire. HoweverRead MoreEssay on Summer Reading756 Words   |  4 Pagesburn the longest, but everything failed, it was with their hard work and persistence they finally found a material that burned for 200 hours, lighting up New York at the hours of darkness, eventually the whole world. The same as for what Martin Luther King and other civil rights activists did, with their passion to gain equality they put themselves out and fought for not only their rights but everyone else, protesting day by day even though they were treated with hostility, little by little their hardRead MoreReflecting on Why the Roman Empire was Great Essay838 Words   |  4 Pageschange. It could be assumed that is the leadership that passed through Roman history that made it great but a greater question is are these leaders great through pedigree and lineage or was it by accountability. Rome was a land that started with kings moved to a senate and ended with emperors. Emperors could gain power through war or money and family legacy. This was seen throughout Roman history, however the successfulness of such emperors was just as fluid as how they gained power. There isRead MoreSpecial Objects Report Of Trajan s Column Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesnotable style characteristics could include its continuous helical frieze. Within the frieze are the reliefs that tell the narrative of the wars against the the Dacians. The design of Trajan’s Column can easily be compared to that of the Column of Marcus Aurelius, which has many identical aspects. The structure’s most remarkable structural features can be classified as either Roman or Dacian, depending on what cultural influences were apparently dominant for the structure (Thill, Elizabeth 28). To beRead More Philosophies of Meditations by Marcus Aurelius Essay examples2608 Words   |  11 Pages Marcus Aurelius Even today, Meditations by Marcus Aurelius is read by every class from kings to common people. The book is a universal classic, meaning it can be related to at any time, by anyone. The philosophies included in his book have spanned the centuries, and Meditations remains to be one of the most influential books ever written. Marcus Aurelius was born on April 20, 121 AD into a family of royalty. His uncle and adoptive father, Antoninus Pius, was the emperor of Rome. Aurelius,

Essay on Frosts Desert Places - 504 Words

Desert Places In the poem Desert Places by Robert Frost, the author describes the scenery in which he came across with. It was on a winter day, and the day was turning into a night. As he went across a field, he saw that the ground was almost all covered in snow. But then he noticed a few weeds and stubble on the ground. On the first line, Frost talks about how the night falling fast. This is referring to how fast Frost felt concerning time, which went by fast in real life. At the end of the line, Frost added two simple words which seems to add a sense of desperation, or even a sense of hopelessness, to the whole idea of time going by fast. The words â€Å"oh, fast† seem to show that although Frost did not like it, but there was†¦show more content†¦Snow here could represent dullness or loneliness. Frost feels that everything or everyone around him are filled with loneliness, no excitement and everything seems to be the same. Line four in the poem says that â€Å"But a few we eds and stubble showing last.† Here it tells us that although dullness, emptiness, or loneliness covered almost everything around him, he could still see some life or excitement somewhere in between. Yet this small bits of life and excitement were nothing compared to the overwhelming emptiness. In the next couple of lines, Frost seems to have forgotten all about the weeds and stubble he saw and put his attention back to the empty, snow covered surroundings. He then looks at the woods near the field and that too have been covered in snow. He also mentioned that all the animals are covered in snow in their lairs. These two lines again emphasize how Frost feels. He knows that there are live around him, yet those life are also filled with emptiness. Soon he even realized that not only the surroundings that were filled with loneliness, but Frost himself are also in it as line eight says, â€Å"The loneliness includes me unawares.† Last stanza of the poem talks about the empt iness that is so overwhelming that even when Frost looks up to the sky, all that he could see or feel is still loneliness and emptiness. But then Frost mentions that the emptiness or loneliness that he fears the most isn’t the one that exist onShow MoreRelated Robert Frosts Desert Places882 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Frosts Desert Places One of the most monumental poetic works of T.S Eliot is ‘The Waste Land’. The poem emerges as a gigantic metaphor for melancholy, loneliness, solitude- the unavoidable companions of human existence. Similar kinds of feelings are evoked by Robert Frost in ‘Desert Places’. The very title is suggestive of a mood of emptiness. Throughout our life we cross various deserts to find our destiny. The beauty of the poem lies in the conjunction – the meeting point desertRead More Analysis of Robert Frosts Desert Places Essay1236 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Robert Frosts Desert Places Robert Frosts Desert Places is a testament to the harrowing nature of solidarity. By subjecting the narrator to the final moments of daylight on a snowy evening, an understanding about the nature of blank spaces and emptiness becomes guratively illuminated. The poems loneliness has the ability to transcend nature and drill a hole through the mind of the narrator so that all hope for relationships with man and nature are abandoned. Read MoreStopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening And Desert Places922 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Frost’s Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† and â€Å"Desert Places† are complementary works which coincide with the naturesque elements most commonly ascribed to Frost. The two poems were published over a decade apart in a period after the first World War where feelings of lack of community and self-worth had grown in precedents amongst the general public. The early years of Frost’s literary career were spent on his poultry farm in Derry, New Hampshire as he toiled his land. Although FrostRead MoreEssay about The Dark Side of Humanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry991 Words   |  4 PagesHumanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry Robert Frost is often referred to as a poet of nature. Words and phrases such as fire and ice, flowers in bloom, apple orchards and rolling hills, are all important elements of Frosts work. These ‘benign objects provide an alternative way to look at the world and are often used as metaphors to describe a darker view of nature and humans. In Frosts poetry, the depth is as important as the surface. The darker aspects of Frosts poetry are often portrayedRead MoreImagery in Robert Frost’s â€Å"Desert Places†720 Words   |  3 PagesApril 19, 2010 Imagery in Robert Frost’s â€Å"Desert Places† Robert Frost, an American poet of the late 19th century, used nature in many of his writings. One of the great examples is the poem â€Å"Desert Places† that express feelings of a speaker and the meaning of the entire poem through images of nature. The poem describes two different kinds of desert places and clearly emphasizes the most frightening one. To help readers understand the meaning of â€Å"Desert Places†, Frost uses variety of images to createRead MoreAbandonment and Singularity in Robert Frosts Poetry.1463 Words   |  6 PagesLoneliest Number† or â€Å"Does Zero Count?† Abandonment and Singularity in Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Census- Taker† Robert Frost’s approach to human isolation is always an interesting exploration. His poem of desertion and neglect paired with eternal hopefulness ignite the reader in his poem â€Å"The Census-Taker.† All of the elements of a Frost poem are in this particular poem. â€Å"The Census-Taker† must be from an earlier time in Frost’s career because the poem is written in an open, free verse similar to the styleRead MoreFrost, By Robert Frost1976 Words   |  8 Pagesthe world we inhabit (49, Dickstein). In most of Frost’s work, readers and critics enjoy his choices of theme, likely being the outdoors and his surroundings. By using â€Å"emotions recollected in tranquility† and his organic and inviolable relationship with his countryside, he celebrates New England’s natural beauty throughout his literature using simple and accessible idioms. Edward Garnett once predicted that Frost â€Å"was destined to take a permanent place in American Literature† which he unquestionablyRead MoreRobert Frost Essay814 Words   |  4 Pages Robert Frost successfully taken readers imagination on a journey through the wintertime with his poems quot;Desert Placesquot; and quot;Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.quot; Frosts New England background in these two poems reflect the beautiful scenery that is present in our part of the country. Even though these poems both have winter settings they contain completely different tones. One poem has a feeling of a depressing loneliness, and the other of feeling welcome. The poems show howRead MoreDesert Places841 Words   |  4 PagesDesert Places by Robert Frost Snow falling and night falling fast, oh, fast In a field I looked into going past, And the ground almost covered smooth in snow, But a few weeds and stubble showing last. The woods around it have it - it is theirs. All animals are smothered in their lairs. I am too absent-spirited to count; The loneliness includes me unawares. And lonely as it is, that loneliness Will be more lonely ere it will be less - A blanker whiteness of benighted snowRead MoreSnow Imagery in â€Å"Desert Places† and â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening†1246 Words   |  5 Pagesand â€Å"Birches.† One of the nature imageries that have been used frequently by Robert Frost is the snow imagery. Although the snow imagery appears in many other poems by Frost we will be dealing with the poems â€Å"Desert Places† and â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.† Even though â€Å"Desert Places† and â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† share many qualities such as the common imagery of snow, the scene of the speaker travelling at night and the quantity of stanzas, they are as equally different or

B2b Branding A Sustainability Perspective - 1377 Words

B2B BRANDING IN EMERGING MARKETS: A SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVE INTRODUCTION B2B companies, especially in emerging economies, operate in socio-economically and ecologically susceptible areas. We will have to create a conceptual model for how they can utilize develop a conceptual model for how they can leverage sustainability to build their corporate reputation and gain both social and financial rewards. In doing so companies change their focus from being market, customer or even shareholder driven and transcend to being stakeholder driven. In Business-to-Business (B2B) environments, many firms focus their branding activities on the spreading of their brand name and logo without creating a more comprehensive brand identity. Thus, the creation of brand awareness is an important goal in many B2B branding strategies. (Homburg 2010)1 SUSTAINABILITY Sustainability is a tool used to enable everyone throughout the world to satisfy their basic needs and enjoy a better quality of life without compromising the quality of life of future generations† (Jones 2008)2 Sustainability is increasingly drawing the attention of scholars, policy makers, and companies, as the latter are recognizing the necessity and opportunities of implementing sustainable practices in their operations. Marketing plays a substantial role in both applying such initiatives and promoting them, which can be greatly supported through brands. (Kumar 2014)3 Stakeholder Orientation: Stakeholders are usually aShow MoreRelatedBrand Management Review on Disneyland1580 Words   |  7 Pages | Introduction For assessment 1 and 2 (2,500 - 3,000 words each) Your assessments should include the following 9 topics (these topics are synchronized with the notes given by our lecturer): 1. Company background   Ã‚  Ã‚   (brand history/ B2B or B2C company/ product or service/ briefly target segment and positioning. For assessment 2, imagine your brand is already existed) 2. Company logo and slogan   Ã‚  Ã‚   (describe the existing logo and explain the meaning of the company slogan. For assessmentRead MoreBrand Management Review on Disneyland1572 Words   |  7 Pages | Introduction For assessment 1 and 2 (2,500 - 3,000 words each) Your assessments should include the following 9 topics (these topics are synchronized with the notes given by our lecturer): 1. Company background   Ã‚  Ã‚   (brand history/ B2B or B2C company/ product or service/ briefly target segment and positioning. For assessment 2, imagine your brand is already existed) 2. Company logo and slogan   Ã‚  Ã‚   (describe the existing logo and explain the meaning of the company slogan. 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When conjoined effectively, SEO and Website usability encourage user engagement, whileRead MoreIntroduction to Marketing Revision Notes8991 Words   |  36 Pagesprofitable than acquisition: * Customers will increase their purchases over time * Customers cheaper to promote to * Customers who are happy with their relationship with a company are happy to refer to others The Consumer Services Perspective Some commentators argue that products and services have significant differences and similarities: Services: * Cannot be protected by a patent * Do not make use of packaging * Lack a physical display * Cannot be demonstrated inRead MoreBrand Image in Cola Drinks Case: Future Cola of Wahaha Group Co.Ltd, China12721 Words   |  51 Pages brand image, brand position, and B2B brand management, Wahaha Co., Ltd as a case company need to build brand image and find a solution on how to be a stronger brand in order to attract more potential customer. 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Introduction To Management Bureaucratic Structures

Question: Explain why bureaucratic structures are often criticised for having a negative impact on employee motivation. Use your answer to identify the characteristics of such organisations, and use the motivation theory of either Maslow or Herzberg to support your arguments in regards to motivation. Answer: Introduction According to Taormina and Gao (2013), Maslow's Law of Needs hierarchy is summarized as, workers move up the ladder as their level of needs are met. This case study discusses the different bureaucratic structures and its implication on employee motivation. Abraham Maslows Law of Needs theory explains how every step of the hierarchy level can be implemented in the structure of an organization and its positive or negative influence on the employees. Bureaucratic Structures and its Implication of Employee Motivation Physiological Needs According to Jeromee (2013), for human survival, water, air, food, sleep, and shelter are essential to meet their physiological needs. In an organization for the employees to work without being subjected to starvation, exhaustion, and dehydration, they would need clean water to drink and keep hydrated, fresh air to breathe, healthy foods from canteens or vendors to be energized, the break between shifts to release stress and adequate time for their leisure (Kantor and Streitfeld, 2015). Safety Needs As opined by Taormina and Gao, (2013), employees need to feel safe and sound in a workplace without the risk of getting injured or hurt; they can work without interruption, which leads to their emotional well-being in the working environment. According to the investigation undertaken by OSHA, workers at Amazon were subjected to workplace hazards including noise, fall, amputation and electrical hazards. Tucker, Ogunfowora and Ehr (2016) has cited that Amazon has not recorded 26 instances of injuries and illness related to work. Social Needs As stated by Kaur (2013), it is known that man cannot live satisfactorily without social interaction, companionship, inclusion, and acceptance. Amazon's workplace is an old-fashioned model where they treat the employees as replaceable cogs. Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon, said to have envisioned a new workplace which will be tough but fluid, where employees will stay for a short time, but employers will have high expectations from them (Landau, 2012). Esteem Needs As opined by Taormina and Gao (2013), in an organization, a person needs to be identified for his accomplishments and Maslow divides it as external and internal motivators. Internal motivators are the one's employees set for themselves as personal goals, like beating last month's sales figure or finishing a task before the deadline. Amazon tried its "Pay to Quit" retention method and the idea is to pay associates to quit. Jeff Bezos idea is that, if employees are not happy working then neither the employee nor the company will benefit from it (Harris, 2015). Self-Actualization According to Carland, Carland and Carland (2015), according to Maslow's law, those who have their entire physiological, social, safety and self-esteem needs are met and can recognize themselves in achieving their real potential with utmost justice and wisdom in their words, and speaking truth can move to a higher level of understanding and empathy for others (Guilln, Ferrero and Hoffman, 2015). At Amazon, employees are encouraged to tear each other's ideas in a meeting, and they expect their employees to respond to emails arriving past midnight or asking them to cite reasons for not answering. It is frequently used to sabotage others (Kantor and Streitfeld, 2015). By the words of Rojas and Guardiola (2016), in any organization, workers expect from their job some basic safety needs such as basic security, protection, stability and freedom. The self-actualization, esteem and social needs fall in the higher-order needs while the safety needs and physiological is included in the lower-order needs (Houseman, 2015). Maintenance Subsystems As opined by Smith (2013), it includes the social involvement of the firms employees. In this group, activities are directly related to providing compensation and motivation to the workers, in turn empowering employees, creating favorable work conditions and fulfilling their needs. Maslow mentions about creating motivation in a workplace in Law of Needs.' It falls under esteem needs. Managerial Subsystems As defined by Mouzelis (2013), in an organization, managerial subsystems guide the operations of other systems of the firm. Managerial operations include settling disputes, allocating resources, setting policies and goals and work towards facilitating the organizations efficiency. Workers are motivated when their problems are settled and a meaningful purpose is set in their life. It is categorized under esteem and safety needs. Division of labor As told by Durkheim (2014), Division of labor is part of mainly all organizations and is either vertical or horizontal. The vertical section has three levels top, middle, and bottom. Labor is also divided into a group horizontally by categorizing departments, task groups, and assigning workers with suitable skills to respective groups. Decision-making structures As defined by Pettigrew (2014), it is the second most fundamental characteristic of an organization used to arrange authority. It varies in the degree of decentralization and centralization. Centralized decision structures are also called tall firms because the necessary decisions are passed down from the higher level, passing through different channels until they arrive at the lowest level of the hierarchy (Sciarini, 2015). According to Maslow, this creates job insecurity. This falls into the safety needs of the lower level of the hierarchy (Yu, 2013). According to Jackson, Wood and Zboja (2013), in flat organizations, the decision making structures are decentralized only employing a few levels of hierarchy. In Maslow's needs theory, this can be grouped under social needs (El-Sayegh et al., 2016). Organizational Structures As opined by Hanks (2015), in a functionally structured organization, only those are selected who can achieve an effective specialization of labor, so that people with specific skills can have a definite career path in their particular department. For employees, this structure is easy to understand and therefore, they can identify themselves with the group and can feel the accomplishment when the department flourishes (Scott, 2013). Leadership Grid In an organization, leadership style is identified by a tool called Leadership Grid (Carter, Ulrich and Goldsmith, 2012). The different leadership styles are: Organization Man Management A leader can adequately handle the performance of an organization by balancing the need of getting the work done and maintaining peoples morale at a satisfactory level. This can be included in esteem and social needs of the hierarchy level (Rice, 2013). Impoverished Management According to Nonaka et al. (2014), here, to sustain in the organization leaders do require minimum work. It is a part of safety needs of the hierarchy level. Authority-Obedience Here leaders arrange the conditions by the use of power, control and authority so that the interference of human elements to the efficiency of the organization can be minimum. It can be included in the esteem needs of the hierarchy (Einarsen, Aasland and Skogstad, 2016). Team Management As opined by Goetsch and Davis (2014), a goal-centered approach is taken by the leaders to gain high-quantity and good-quality results through the group members broad involvement. Involvement includes participation, commitment, and conflict resolution. It can be incorporated in the social needs. Country Club Management Here, the leaders put emphasis to spread good feelings among the workers and staffs even if work production deteriorates. It can be categorized into social needs in the higher order of hierarchy level (Whyte, 2013). Leader-Subordinate relationship As defined by Robert, Dunne and Iun (2015), employee job satisfaction can be the result of both leader positive-reinforcement and employee-centered behavior or leader consideration. Lower job satisfaction of employees can be the outcome of production-centered leadership or high initiating structure. It is part of the safety needs. Conclusion In an organization, the motivation factors of employees can be due to various reasons and this case study discusses them. Different subsystems in a body tell about the operation of a firm and that the workplace environment influences employees to a varying degree. The horizontal method is preferable for the employees as it considered humanistic and they can directly report to their bosses or the respective authorities. Functional organizational structure tells how specific people are employed so that they can follow their specialization to make a career in their department which aligns with the organizational goals. References: Carland Jr, J.W., Carland, J.A.C. and Carland III, J.W.T., 2015. Self-actualization: The zenith of entrepreneurship.Journal of Small Business Strategy,6(1), pp.53-66. Carter, L., Ulrich, D. and Goldsmith, M. eds., 2012.Best practices in leadership development and organization change: how the best companies ensure meaningful change and sustainable leadership(Vol. 18). John Wiley Sons. Datta, Y., 2014. Maslows hierarchy of basic needs: An ecological view.Oxford Journal: An International Journal of Business Economics,8(1). Durkheim, E., 2014.The division of labor in society. Simon and Schuster. Einarsen, S., Aasland, M.S. and Skogstad, A., 2016. the nature and outcomes of destructive leadership behavior in Organizations.Risky Business: Psychological, Physical and Financial Costs of High Risk Behavior in Organizations, p.323. El-Sayegh, S.M., Kashif, M., Al Sharqawi, M., Nikoula, N. and Alhimairee, M., 2016, May. 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Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations, (14), pp.97-102. Mouzelis, N.P., 2013.OrganisatnBureaucracy Ils 157(Vol. 8). Routledge. Nonaka, I., Chia, R., Holt, R. and Peltokorpi, V., 2014. Wisdom, management and organization.Management Learning,45(4), pp.365-376. Pettigrew, A.M., 2014.The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge. Rice, A.L., 2013.The enterprise and its environment: A system theory of management organization(Vol. 10). Routledge. Robert, C., Dunne, T.C. and Iun, J., 2015. The Impact of Leader Humor on Subordinate Job Satisfaction The Crucial Role of LeaderSubordinate Relationship Quality.Group Organization Management, p.1059601115598719. Rojas, M. and Guardiola, J., 2016. A Hierarchy of Unsatisfied Needs: A Subjective Well-Being Study. InA Life Devoted to Quality of Life(pp. 105-122). Springer International Publishing. Sciarini, P., 2015. 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